Both products are suitable for livestock feeding. Cashew pulp is the residue of the separation of the nut from the pseudofruit, and cashew bagasse ( cashew pomace, cashew apple waste) is the residue of the juice extraction from the pseudofruit.They can be eaten fresh in salads, pressed to make juices, cooked in syrup or made into jams to preserve them. Cashew apples (pseudofruit) are too fragile to be suitable for transport and relished only in areas of production, such as Brazil, Mozambique and Indonesia.In the literature they are often referred to as cashew nut meal or cashew nut reject meal. Discarded cashew nuts are nuts unfit for human consumption.The kernels are a nutritious food as they contain large amounts of fats, protein, carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. Once extracted from the nut, the kernels are roasted to destroy the remaining toxins ( Orwa et al., 2009 Morton, 1987).
Cashew nuts (kernels) must be extracted from their poisonous shell with caution in order not to be contaminated by the toxic substances embedded in the mesocarp.The kernel of the cashew nut, the pseudofruit (cashew apple) and the leaves are edible. Almost all parts of the cashew tree are reported to have ethnomedicinal properties ( Morton, 1987). The cashew tree is a multipurpose species, and cashew products have a wide range of uses.
This pseudofruit has a very conspicuous yellow, red or red-and-yellow colour. The fruit does not split open at maturity, but once its fruit is fully grown but not ripe, its receptacle swells and becomes a fleshy, juicy, pear or apple-shaped edible pseudofruit that is called the cashew apple ( Orwa et al., 2009 Morton, 1987). The fruit is a kidney-shaped nut consisting of a double-walled shell with a hard epicarp, a poisonous mesocarp and a thin endocarp, and an edible kernel surrounded by a thin testa. They are attractive to bees and provide a good source of honey ( Morton, 1987 FAO, 1982). Flowers are pentamerous, no more than 1 cm in diameter, yellowish-pink in colour, and very fragrant. Pale green or reddish when young, they become dark green when maturing ( Orwa et al., 2009).The inflorescences are 15-25 cm long terminal panicles of male, female and bisexual flowers. The leaves are alternate, leathery, borne in terminal clusters, oval-obovate-shaped, 10-20 cm long x 5-10 cm broad. The cashew tree has a deep taproot and develops many lateral roots that enable its survival during dry periods ( Orwa et al., 2009). The crown has a globose shape and is 6-15 m in diameter, though a specimen in Brazil is famous for its circumference of 500 m. The cashew tree is a spreading, low-branched, evergreen and medium-sized tree. It is also a multipurpose species that provides a broad range of services. About 30-40% cashew kernels are discarded during the process of roasting and are then fed to livestock ( Göhl, 1982).
The cashew tree ( Anacardium occidentale L.) is a medium-sized tropical tree usually cultivated for its fruit (cashew nut) and pseudofruit (cashew apple). Cashew tree, cashew nut tree, cashewnut tree, cashew Anacardier, cajou anacardo, marañon, merey cajueiro, acaju, acajaíba, acajuíba, caju-comum, cajueiro-comum, cajuil, caju-manso, cajuzeiro, ocaju kasjoeboom kasjoeboom, acajouboom, olifantsluisboom কাজু বাদাম કાજુ काजू काजू มะม่วงหิมพานต์ đào lộn hột Ĭashew nut, cashewnut, blister nut noix de cajou castaña de cajù, caujil, alcayoiba, merey a la nuez, nuez de la India, pajuil, jocote marañon, pepas castanha de caju, farelo do castanha de caju kasjoenoeut kasjoenoot Ĭashew nut meal, cashew nut reject meal Ĭashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) baume cajou Ĭashew apple pomme cajou, pomme de cajou merey a la fruta, marañon pedúnculo de caju kasjoeappel Ĭashew bagasse, cashew pomace, cashew apple pulp, cashew pulp, cashew apple waste pulpe de pomme cajou bagaço de caju
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